Boone, J. L. 2011. Annotated List of Animal Species Observed In and Adjacent to the Mojave Desert Portion of Grand Canyon -- Parashant National Monument. Desert Wildlife Consultants, LLC, 43 pp.

Abstract. Observations of animals in the Mojave Desert portion of Grand Canyon - Parashant National Monument were recorded, providing evidence for the presence of 93 species of birds, 20 species of mammals, 15 species of herps, and 18 species of odonates. Some of these species have not previously been documented in the area. The only surprising observation was of two Uinta Chipmunks (Tamias umbrinus) at Middle Spring. These animals were outside of the expected range, outside of typical habitat, below the expected elevation, and vocalized in a manner unexpected for a chipmunk. It is possible that these chipmunks are Pleistocene relicts stranded at the spring and isolated from others of their kind, possibly representing an undescribed subspecies. Read full report (PDF).